Hindūsthāni Pravēsha

(Junior in Hindusthani Style of Music)

Syllabus

Textbook

Exam Registration

Syllabus

General Instructions

    • The syllabus outlined below represents the minimum requirements for Pravesha (Junior) Certification.
    • The Pravesha curriculum is organized into four progressive levels and is designed to be completed over approximately four years at a typical pace of study.
    • The four levels represent a typical progression of learning and do not require students to appear for an examination every year or to complete the examinations sequentially.
    • Students may appear directly at any level based on their preparedness. Completion of the preceding level examinations is not mandatory.
    • Level 4 is mandatory for Pravesha Certification. Regardless of the level at which a student begins, Level 4 must be successfully completed to receive the Pravesha Certificate.
    • The Level 4 certification examination is conducted in person at designated examination centers in the United States.
    • The curriculum is cumulative. Compositions, skills, and competencies introduced at earlier levels remain part of the expected repertoire and proficiency at subsequent levels.
    • Lessons and Compositions prepared at earlier levels may be carried forward and presented at subsequent-level examinations, where appropriate.
    • A student appearing directly for Level 4 must demonstrate the cumulative repertoire, skills, and competencies required across Levels 1, 2, 3, and 4. Students may skip the preceding examinations, but not the curriculum requirements of those levels.
    • The Shastra (theory) syllabus is common to Hindusthani Vocal and Hindusthani instrumental music, including instruments such as Violin, Sitar, Sarod, Vamshi (Bansuri), and Sarangi.
    • For instrumental practical examinations, wherever a vocal form is prescribed in the common syllabus, it shall be presented through the corresponding instrumental form and terminology appropriate to the instrument. Unless otherwise specified in the syllabus, the following equivalences shall apply:

      Bada Khayal → Vilambit Gat
      Chhota Khayal → Drut Gat
      Sugam Sangeet → Dhun

      For instruments and traditions in which established compositional forms such as Masitkhani Gat and Razakhani Gat are applicable, these shall be used as appropriate to the prescribed laya and level.

      Such adaptation is only a change of performance medium and terminology and does not alter the academic or examination standard. The instrumental presentation shall fulfill the corresponding requirements of the prescribed vocal syllabus with respect to rāg structure, compositional and musical development, improvisation, laya, tāl, and the expected level of proficiency.

    • Sangeeta Bharati’s curriculum is Guru- and Sampradāya-agnostic and respects diverse pedagogical traditions within Hindusthani Sangeeta. Students are therefore not restricted to a prescribed list of compositions.
    • Students are free to refer to appropriate learning materials and select compositions of their choice. The overall repertoire should demonstrate a well-balanced selection of rāgs representing different thāṭs, tāls, bhāśhās (languages), composers, and compositional forms, appropriate to the requirements of the respective level.
    • Students who are not exclusively following the prescribed Sangeeta Bharati texts must submit a detailed list of the compositions prepared for the examination. For each composition, the list should include:

      Composition Title, Rāg, Tāl, Composer, and Bhāśhā (Language) as applicable.

      The repertoire list must be submitted to the examiner at least one week before the examination as a PDF by email to exams@sangeetabharati.org.

    • Bhajans: Bhajans may be selected from the Rana Sangeetam book.
    • Detailed curriculum content and instructional materials are available in the respective Sangeeta Bharati textbooks.

Pravesha
Prathama

(Level 1)

Optional and Virtual

Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)

  1. Alankar: Any 10 Alankars in Ekgun
  2. Raag: For each of the following Raags—Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, and Bhoopali:
    1. A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut and Varjit Swars, Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
    2. One Swarmaalika in any 1 of the above Raags.
    3. One Bandish (Chota Khayal) in any 3 of the above Raags.
  3. Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their  Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali:
    1. Teen Taal
    2. Daadra
  4. Sugam Sangeet: Any 2 compositions from the following categories, rendered with their original lyrics:
    1. Bal Bhajan
    2. Keertan
    3. Geet
    4. Folk Song
    5. Patriotic Song

Paper 2: Music Oral

Simple Definitions of:

  1. Sangeet
  2. Swar
  3. Laya
  4. Taal
  5. Theka
  6. Taali-Khaali
  7. Chal Swar and Achal Swar
  8. Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
  9. Maatra
  10. Sam
  11. Avartan
  12. Thaat
  13. Raag
  14. Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
  15. Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
  16. Saptak and its three types

Students should also be able to answer oral questions based on the prescribed practical syllabus.

Pravesha
Dwiteeya

(Level 2)

Optional and Virtual

Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)

  1. Alankar: Any 15 Alankars and 5 Paltas in Ekgun and Dugun
  2. Raag: For each of the following Raags—Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, Bhoopali, Alhaiya Bilawal, Kafi, Bhairav, and Bihag:
    1. A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut and Varjit Swars, Bhaav (Mood of the Raag), Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
    2. One Swarmaalika in any 1 of the above Raags.
    3. One Bandish (Chota Khayal), with 2 simple Alaps and 5 easy Taans, in any 4 of the above Raags.
    4. Any 1 Lakshan Geet in any 1 of the above Raags.
  3. Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali in Ekgun and Dugun:
    1. Teen Taal
    2. Daadra
    3. Kaharwa
    4. Chautaal
  4. Sugam Sangeet: The following compositions, rendered with their original lyrics:
    1. Any 3 Bhajans or Keertans
    2. Any 1 Folk Song or a Patriotic Song

Paper 2: Music Oral

Simple Definitions of:

  1. Sangeet
  2. Swar
  3. Laya
  4. Taal
  5. Theka
  6. Taali–Khaali
  7. Chal Swar and Achal Swar
  8. Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
  9. Maatra
  10. Sam
  11. Avartan
  12. Thaat
  13. Raag
  14. Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
  15. Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
  16. Saptak and its three types
  17. Sangeet Paddati
  18. Dhwani and its production
  19. Naad
  20. Shruti
  21. Alankar
  22. Khayal
  23. Bandish
  24. Sthayi
  25. Antara
  26. Alap
  27. Taan
  28. Lakshan Geet

Students should also be able to answer oral questions based on the prescribed practical syllabus.

Paper 3: Theory

Common Theory

Kala Shastra Pravesha— Part 1

Mode: Oral

Pravesha
Truteeya

(Level 3)

Optional and Virtual

Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)

  1. Alankar: Any 10 Alankars and 10 Paltas in Ekgun, Dugun, and Chaugun.
  2. Raag: For each of the following Raags—Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, Bhoopali, Alhaiya Bilawal, Kafi, Bhairav, Bihag, Bageshri, Brundavani Sarang, Bheempalasi, Desh, Kedar, and Aasavaari:
    1. A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut and Varjit Swars, Bhaav (Mood of the Raag), Sam Prakrutik Raags (similar or related Raags), Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
    2. One Bada Khayal with simple Alap/Vistar, in any 1 of the following Raags: Yaman, Bihag, or Bhairav.
    3. For any 5 Raags from the above list, provide the Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A, along with one Bandish (Chota Khayal), 3 Alaps based on the Sthayi, and 7 Taans.
    4. For any 3 Raags from Kafi Thaat (e.g., Brundavani Sarang, Bheempalasi, Bageshri, and Kafi), provide Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A along with one Bandish and 3 Taans.
    5. Any 1 Tarana from the above list of Raags.
  3. Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali in Ekgun and Dugun:
    1. Teen Taal
    2. Daadra
    3. Kaharwa
    4. Chautaal
    5. Roopak
    6. Ektaal
  4. Sugam Sangeet (in original lyrics):
    1. Any 1 Raag-based Geet or Bhajan.
    2. Any 1 Folk Song or Patriotic Song

Paper 2: Music Oral

Simple Definitions of:

  1. Sangeet
  2. Swar
  3. Laya and its types
  4. Taal
  5. Theka
  6. Taali–Khaali
  7. Chal and Achal Swar
  8. Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
  9. Maatra
  10. Sam 
  11. Avartan
  12. Thaat
  13. Raag
  14. Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
  15. Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
  16. Saptak and its three types
  17. Sangeet Paddati
  18. Dhwani and its production
  19. Naad
  20. Shruti
  21. Alankar
  22. Khayal
  23. Bandish
  24. Sthayi
  25. Antara
  26. Alap
  27. Palta
  28. Taan
  29. Sanchari
  30. Aabhog
  31. Kampan
  32. Aandolan
  33. Janak Thaat
  34. Aashray Raag
  35. Janya Raag
  36. Dhrupad
  37. Tarana
  38. Lakshan Geet
  39. Vaadi, Samvaadi, Anuvaadi, Vivaadi, Ansh, Nyaas, and Vakr Swar
  40. A brief introduction to any 2 renowned Hindusthani classical vocalists, including approximately 5 key facts about each.

Students should also be able to answer oral questions based on the prescribed practical syllabus.

Paper 3: Theory

Common Theory

Kala Shastra Pravesha—Parts 1 & 2

Mode: Written

Pravesha
Chaturtha

(Level 4)

Mandatory and in-person

Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)

  1. Alankar: Any 15 Alankars and 15 Paltas in Ekgun, Dugun, and Chaugun, in the following Taals:
    1. Teen Taal
    2. Daadra
    3. Kaharwa
    4. Chautaal
    5. Roopak
  2. Raag: For each of the following Raags—Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, Bhoopali, Alhaiya Bilawal, Kafi, Bhairav, Bihag, Bageshri, Brundavani Sarang, Bhimpalasi, Desh, Kedar, Aasavaari, Tilak Kamod, Hameer, Bhairavi, Jaunpuri, Malkauns, Peelu, and Maarwa:
    1. A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut, Varjit and Nyaas Swars, Bhaav (Mood of the Raag), Unique facts or history, Sam Prakrutik Raags (similar or related Raags), Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
    2. One Raag for detailed presentation: The candidate shall present one prescribed Raag in detail, including an introductory Alap, Bada Khayal with appropriate Alap/Vistar and Taans, followed by a Chota Khayal in the same Raag with Alap/Vistar, simple and Bol Taans, and development of both Sthayi and Antara.
    3. For any 5 Raags from the above list, provide the Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A, along with 1 Bandish, 3 Alaps based on the Sthayi, 5 Taans in Sthayi, and 3 Taans in Antara.
    4. For any 1 Raag from Bhairavi Thaat, provide the Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A, along with one Bandish and 3 Taans.
    5. Any 1 Dhrupad or Dhamar.
    6. Any 1 Tarana from the above list of Raags.
  3. Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali in Ekgun, Dugun, and Chaugun:
    1. Teen Taal
    2. Daadra
    3. Kaharwa
    4. Chautaal
    5. Roopak
    6. Ektaal
    7. Dhamar Taal
  4. Sugam Sangeet (in original lyrics):
    1. Any 1 Semiclassical composition in Raag Bhairavi.
    2. Any 1 other Raag-based Bhajan or Keertan.
    3. Any 1 Folk Song or Patriotic Song.

Paper 2: Shravana Jnana (Aural Skills)

  1. Recognize a Raag from the above list when rendered on an instrument or sung by the examiner.
  2. Recognize a Swar when rendered on an instrument or sung by the examiner.
  3. Identify a prescribed Raag from a given notation or Swar passage.
  4. Identify prescribed Taals from their Theka or rhythmic pattern.

Paper 3: Theory

Hindusthani Pravesha

Shastra

(Hindusthani Music Theory)

Simple Definitions of:

  1. Sangeet
  2. Swar
  3. Laya and its types
  4. Taal
  5. Theka
  6. Taali–Khaali
  7. Chal and Achal Swar
  8. Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
  9. Maatra
  10. Sam 
  11. Avartan
  12. Thaat
  13. Raag
  14. Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
  15. Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
  16. Saptak and its three types
  17. Sangeet Paddati
  18. Dhwani and its production
  19. Naad
  20. Shruti
  21. Alankar
  22. Palta
  23. Khayal
  24. Bandish
  25. Sthayi
  26. Antara
  27. Alap
  28. Taan
  29. Sanchari
  30. Aabhog
  31. Kampan
  32. Aandolan and types of Aandolan
  33. Janak Thaat
  34. Aashray Raag
  35. Janya Raag
  36. Dhrupad
  37. Tarana
  38. Dhamar
  39. Lakshan Geet
  40. Vaadi, Samvaadi, Anuvaadi, Vivaadi, Ansh, Nyaas, and Vakr Swar
  41. Poorvang and Uttarang

Detailed Questions

  1. Explain the concept of Sandhi Prakash Raag.
  2. Describe the qualities and defects of a Gayak.
  3. Define Taan and explain its different types.
  4. Define the following musical forms: Bada Khayal, Chota Khayal, Dhrupad, Dhamar, Hori, Tappa, Thumri, Kajri, Chaiti, Geet, Bhajan, and Keertan.
  5. Write the notation of one prescribed Swarmaalika in both the Bhatkhande and Vishnu Digambar Paluskar notation systems.
  6. Taal  notation:
    1. Teen taal 
    2. Daadra 
    3. Kaharwa 
    4. Chautaal 
    5. Roopak 
    6. Ektaal
    7. Dhamar taal 
  7.  Draw and label the principal parts of a Tanpura. Candidates may additionally be asked to identify the principal parts of a Harmonium.
  8. Explain the Vishnu Digambar Paluskar notation system and compare the Paluskar and Bhatkhande notation systems.
  9. Write a brief life sketch of Sharngadeva and Swami Haridas.
  10. A brief introduction to any 1 renowned sitarist and any 1 renowned Hindusthani classical vocalist, including approximately 5 key facts about each.

Mode: Written