Hindūsthāni Pravēsha
(Junior in Hindusthani Style of Music)
Syllabus
General Instructions
-
- The syllabus outlined below represents the minimum requirements for Pravesha (Junior) Certification.
- The Pravesha curriculum is organized into four progressive levels and is designed to be completed over approximately four years at a typical pace of practice.
- The four levels represent a typical progression of learning and do not require students to appear for an examination every year or to complete the examinations sequentially.
- Students may appear directly at any level based on their preparedness. Completion of the preceding level examinations is not mandatory.
- Level 4 is mandatory for Pravesha Certification. Regardless of the level at which a student begins, Level 4 must be successfully completed to receive the Pravesha Certificate.
- The Level 4 certification examination is conducted in person at designated examination centers in the United States.
- The curriculum is cumulative. Compositions, skills, and competencies introduced at earlier levels remain part of the expected repertoire and proficiency at subsequent levels.
- Lessons and Compositions prepared at earlier levels may be carried forward and presented at subsequent-level examinations, where appropriate.
- A student appearing directly for Level 4 must demonstrate the cumulative repertoire, skills, and competencies required across Levels 1, 2, 3, and 4. Students may skip the preceding examinations, but not the curriculum requirements of those levels.
- The Shastra (theory) syllabus is common to Hindusthani Vocal and Hindusthani instrumental music, including instruments such as Violin, Sitar, Sarod, Vamshi (Bansuri), and Sarangi.
-
For instrumental practical examinations, wherever a vocal form is prescribed in the common syllabus, it shall be presented through the corresponding instrumental form and terminology appropriate to the instrument. Unless otherwise specified in the syllabus, the following equivalences shall apply:
Bada Khayal → Vilambit Gat
Chota Khayal → Drut Gat
Sugam Sangeet → DhunFor instruments and traditions in which established compositional forms such as Masitkhani Gat and Razakhani Gat are applicable, these shall be used as appropriate to the prescribed laya and level.
Such adaptation is only a change of performance medium and terminology and does not alter the academic or examination standard. The instrumental presentation shall fulfill the corresponding requirements of the prescribed vocal syllabus with respect to rāg structure, compositional and musical development, improvisation, laya, tāl, and the expected level of proficiency.
- Sangeeta Bharati’s curriculum is Guru- and Sampradāya-agnostic and respects diverse pedagogical traditions within Hindusthani Sangeeta. Students are therefore not restricted to a prescribed list of compositions.
- Students are free to refer to appropriate learning materials and select compositions of their choice. The overall repertoire should demonstrate a well-balanced selection of rāgs representing different thāṭs, tāls, bhāśhās (languages), composers, and compositional forms, appropriate to the requirements of the respective level.
-
Students who are not exclusively following the prescribed Sangeeta Bharati texts must submit a detailed list of the compositions prepared for the examination. For each composition, the list should include:
Composition Title, Rāg, Tāl, Composer, and Bhāśhā (Language) as applicable.
The repertoire list must be submitted to the examiner at least one week before the examination as a PDF by email to exams@sangeetabharati.org.
- Bhajans should be dedicated to the Gods and Goddesses worshipped in Sanatana Dharma. Students may refer to and select Bhajans from the Rana Sangeetam book.
- Detailed curriculum content and instructional materials are available in the respective Sangeeta Bharati textbooks.
Pravesha
Prathama
(Level 1)
Optional | Mode: Virtual
Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)
- Alankar: Any 10 Alankars
- Raag: For each of the following Raags—Alhaiya Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, and Bhoopali:
- A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut and Varjit Swars, Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
- One Sargam-Geet (Swarmaalika) in any 1 of the above Raags.
- One Bandish (Chota Khayal) in any 3 of the above Raags.
- Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali:
- Teen Taal
- Daadra
- Sugam Sangeet: Any 2 compositions, each selected from a different category from the following, rendered with their original lyrics:
- Bal Bhajan
- Keertan
- Geet
- Folk Song
- Patriotic Song
Paper 2: Music Oral
Simple Definitions of:
- Sangeet
- Swar
- Laya
- Taal
- Theka
- Taali-Khaali
- Chal Swar and Achal Swar
- Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
- Maatra
- Sam
- Avartan
- Thaat
- Raag
- Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
- Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
- Saptak and its three types
Pravesha
Dwiteeya
(Level 2)
Optional | Mode: Virtual
Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)
- Alankar: Any 10 Alankars and 5 Paltas in Thaah
- Raag: For each of the following Raags—Alhaiya Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, Bhoopali, Kafi, Bhairav, and Bihag:
- A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut and Varjit Swars, Bhaav (Mood of the Raag), Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
- One Sargam-Geet in any 2 of the above Raags.
- One Bandish (Chota Khayal), with 5 easy Taans, in any 4 of the above Raags.
- Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali in Thaah:
- Teen Taal
- Daadra
- Kaharwa
- Chautaal
- Sugam Sangeet: The following compositions, rendered with their original lyrics:
- Bhajans or Keertans—Any 2
- Geet, Folk Song or a Patriotic Song—Any 1
Paper 2: Music Oral
Simple Definitions of:
- Sangeet
- Swar
- Laya
- Taal
- Theka
- Taali–Khaali
- Chal Swar and Achal Swar
- Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
- Maatra
- Sam
- Avartan
- Thaat
- Raag
- Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
- Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
- Saptak and its three types
- Dhwani
- Shruti
- Alankar
- Khayal
- Bandish
- Sthayi
- Antara
- Taan
- Sargam-Geet
Paper 3: Theory
Pravesha
Truteeya
(Level 3)
Optional | Mode: Virtual
Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)
- Alankar: Any 15 Alankars and 10 Paltas in Thaah and Dugun
- Raag: For each of the following Raags—Alhaiya Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, Bhoopali, Kafi, Bhairav, Bihag, Bageshri, Brundavani Sarang, Bheempalasi, Desh, Kedar, and Aasavaari:
- A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut and Varjit Swars, Bhaav (Mood of the Raag), Sam Prakrutik Raags (similar or related Raags), Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
- One Bada Khayal Sthayi in any 1 of the following Raags: Yaman, Bihag, or Bhairav.
- For any 5 Raags from the above list, provide the Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A, along with one Bandish (Chota Khayal), 3 Alaps based on the Sthayi, and 7 Taans.
- For any 3 Raags from Kafi Thaat (e.g., Brundavani Sarang, Bheempalasi, Bageshri, and Kafi), provide Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A along with one Bandish and 3 Taans.
- Any 1 Lakshan Geet from any of the above Raags.
- Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali in Thaah and Dugun:
- Teen Taal
- Daadra
- Kaharwa
- Chautaal
- Roopak
- Ektaal
- Sugam Sangeet (in original lyrics):
- Any 1 Raag-based Geet or Bhajan/Keertan
- Any 1 Folk Song or Patriotic Song
Paper 2: Music Oral
Simple Definitions of:
- Sangeet
- Swar
- Laya and its types
- Taal
- Theka
- Taali–Khaali
- Chal and Achal Swar
- Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
- Maatra
- Sam
- Avartan
- Thaat
- Raag
- Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
- Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
- Saptak and its three types
- Dhwani
- Naad
- Shruti
- Alankar
- Khayal
- Bandish
- Sthayi
- Antara
- Alap
- Palta
- Taan
- Sanchari
- Aabhog
- Kampan
- Aandolan
- Janak Thaat
- Janya Raag
- Lakshan Geet
- A brief introduction to any 2 renowned Hindusthani classical vocalists, including approximately 5 key facts about each.
Paper 3: Theory
Pravesha
Chaturtha
(Level 4)
Mandatory | In-person
Paper 1: Practical (Kriyatmak)
- Alankar: Any 20 Alankars and 15 Paltas in Thaah, Dugun, and Chaugun, in the following Taals:
- Teen Taal
- Daadra
- Kaharwa
- Chautaal
- Roopak
- Raag: For each of the following Raags—Alhaiya Bilawal, Khamaj, Yaman, Bhoopali, Kafi, Bhairav, Bihag, Bageshri, Brundavani Sarang, Bhimpalasi, Desh, Kedar, Aasavaari, Tilak Kamod, Hameer, Bhairavi, Malkauns, Peelu, and Maarwa:
- A brief introduction (Raag Parichay), including the Thaat, Raag Jaati, Gayan Samay, Vaadi, Samvaadi, Vikrut, Varjit and Nyaas Swars, Bhaav (Mood of the Raag), Unique facts or history, Sam Prakrutik Raags (similar or related Raags), Aroh-Avaroh, and Pakad.
- One Raag for detailed presentation: The candidate shall present one prescribed Raag in detail, including an introductory Alap, 1 Bada Khayal with appropriate 1 Alap/Vistar and 1 Taan, followed by 1 Chota Khayal in the same Raag with 4 variations, 2 Alaps in Sthayi, 7 Taans in Sthayi (2 Bol Taans, 2 Taans in ‘A’kar, 3 Taans in Swar).
- For any 5 Raags from the above list, provide the Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A, along with 1 Bandish, 3 Alaps based on the Sthayi, 5 Taans in Sthayi, and 3 Taans in Antara.
- For any 1 Raag from Bhairavi Thaat, provide the Raag Parichay as specified in section 2A, along with one Bandish and 3 Taans.
- Any 1 Tarana from the above list of Raags.
- Taal: Demonstrate the following Taals with their Theka, Maatras, Vibhaagas, Taali, and Khaali in Thaah, Dugun, and Chaugun:
- Teen Taal
- Daadra
- Kaharwa
- Chautaal
- Roopak
- Ektaal
- Sugam Sangeet (in original lyrics):
- Any 1 beginner semiclassical composition in Raag Khamaj.
- Any 1 other Raag-based Bhajan or Keertan.
- Any 1 Folk Song or Patriotic Song.
Paper 2: Shravana Jnana (Aural Skills)
- Recognize a Raag from the above list when rendered on an instrument or sung by the examiner.
- Recognize a Swar when rendered on an instrument or sung by the examiner.
- Identify and sing the given notation or Swar passage from a prescribed Raag.
- Identify prescribed Taals from their Theka or rhythmic pattern.
Paper 3: Theory
Hindusthani Pravesha
—Shastra
(Hindusthani Music Theory)
Simple Definitions of:
- Sangeet
- Swar
- Laya and its types
- Taal
- Theka
- Taali–Khaali
- Chal and Achal Swar
- Shuddh Swar and Vikrut Swar
- Maatra
- Sam
- Avartan
- Thaat
- Raag
- Raag Jaati and its types (Audav, Shadav, and Sampurna)
- Aroh, Avaroh, and Pakad
- Saptak and its three types
- Sangeet Paddati
- Dhwani
- Naad
- Shruti
- Alankar
- Palta
- Khayal
- Bandish
- Bada Khayal
- Geet
- Bhajan
- Keertan
- Tarana
- Lakshan Geet
- Sthayi
- Antara
- Alap
- Taan
- Sanchari
- Aabhog
- Kampan
- Aandolan
- Janak Thaat
- Aashray Raag
- Janya Raag
- Vaadi, Samvaadi, Anuvaadi, Vivaadi, Ansh, Nyaas, and Vakr Swar
- Poorvang and Uttarang
Detailed Questions
- Explain the concept of Sandhi Prakash Raag.
- Describe the qualities and defects of a Gayak.
- Define Taan and explain its different types.
- Write the notation of one prescribed Sargam-Geet either in Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande or Vishnu Digambar Paluskar’s notation system.
- Taal notation:
- Teen taal
- Daadra
- Kaharwa
- Chautaal
- Roopak
- Ektaal
- Dhamar taal
- Draw and label the principal parts of a Tanpura or Harmonium
- Write a life sketch of Sharngadeva and Swami Haridas in a paragraph (in 5 to 6 sentences)
- An introduction to any 1 renowned sitarist and any 1 renowned Hindusthani classical vocalist, including approximately 5 key facts about each.